臺大昆蟲館創立於1936年，是目前國內昆蟲標本蒐藏中最具歷史意義的典藏資產之一，其中不乏百年以上之老標本與無數珍貴標本。本館標本蒐藏源自19世紀初期，除了典藏日治時代以及戰後的標本外，1980年開始，在國家科學委員會的支持下，昆蟲學系師生積極展開臺灣昆蟲相調查，使得昆蟲標本數量激增。本館蒐藏The NTU Insect Museum boasts a staggering number of over 330,000 individual specimens classified into four categories according to their purposes: type specimen, research specimen, teaching specimen, and display specimen. The rich and priceless insect collection in the Museum will serve to be an important piece of cultural and scientific heritage in Taiwan’s entomology domain.

The major collections include Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Blattodea, Orthoptera, Dermaptera,Plecoptera, Hemiptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Mecoptera, Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera, among others. (The accession room is only open to entomologists.)

In order to make entomology more accessible and let the public gain a deeper understanding of the applications and academic research of entomology, the NTU Insect Museum joined the NTU Museums Group in 2008 and set up a special exhibition area. Exhibition content includes a chronology of the NTU Insect Museum, insects of the world, discovery of the broad-tailed swallowtail butterfly, endangered insect species, insect customs and culture, specimens, specimen collection, insect ecology, specialty subjects of faculty, and an interactive multimedia section.